Andrés Bonifacio y de Castro (November 30, 1863 – May 10, 1897) was a Filipino nationalist and revolutionary. Bonifacio’s birthday on November 30 is celebrated as Bonifacio Day and is a public holiday in the Philippines. He was a founder and leader of the Katipunan movement which sought the independence of the Philippines from Spanish colonial rule and started the Philippine Revolution. He is considered as a national hero of the Philippines. Bonifacio is also considered by some Filipino historians to be the first president of the Philippines, but he is not officially recognized as such.
Philippines Bonifacio Day History Bonifacio was born to Santiago Bonifacio and Catalina de Castro in Tondo, Manila and was the eldest of six children. His father was a tailor who served as a teniente mayor of Tondo while his mother worked in a cigarette factory. He was orphaned in his late teens – his mother died of tuberculosis in 1881 and his father followed a year after. Bonifacio was forced to drop out of school and work to support his family. He worked as a clerk/messenger for the English trading firm Fleming and Company, where he rose to become a agent of tar and other goods.
He also set up a family business of selling canes and paper fans. Bonifacio was married twice. His first wife was a certain Monica who died of leprosy. His second wife was Gregoria de Jesus of Caloocan, with whom he had one son who died in infancy. Despite not finishing formal education, Bonifacio was self-educated. Bonifacio was a Freemason and a member of the Gran Oriente Español (Spanish Grand Lodge).
In 1892 he joined Rizal’s La Liga Filipina (The Philippine League), an organization which called for political reforms in the Spanish government of the Philippines. However, La Liga Filipina disbanded after one meeting as Rizal was arrested and deported to the town of Dapitan in Mindanao. Bonifacio, Apolinario Mabini and others revived La Liga Filipina in Rizal’s absence. Bonifacio was active at organizing local chapters in Manila.
La Liga Filipina contributed moral and financial support to Filipino reformists in Spain. On July 7, 1892, the day after Rizal’s deportation was announced, Bonifacio and others founded the Katipunan, Kataastaasan Kagalang-galang “Highest and Most Respected Society of the Sons of the Country” The secret society sought independence from Spain through armed revolt.
Philippines Bonifacio Day Customs and Activities
November 30 is celebrated as a public holiday in memory of Filipino hero Andres Bonifacio Filipinos to thank him for his heroic attitude for fought for Country’s Independence during the Filipino – Spanish war. As Philippines celebrated Bonifacio Day and it’s a public holiday, all Filipinos in all areas especially who is in the government visit to the monuments of Andres Bonifacio and offer him flowers to thank him for the heroics he did for Philippines. # ADAPTED News
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